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Guangdong
Guangdong () is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. Formerly known as Canton or Kwangtung in English, Guangdong surpassed Henan and Sichuan to become the most populous province in China in January 2005, registering 79.1 million permanent residents and 31 million migrants who lived in the province for at least six months of the year;〔(English people.com.cn )〕 the total population was 104,303,132 in the 2010 census, accounting for 7.79 percent of Mainland China's population.〔(China NBS: 6th National Population Census – DATA'' )〕 The provincial capital Guangzhou and economic hub Shenzhen are among the most populous and important cities in China. The population increase since the census has been modest, the province at 2013 end had 106,440,000 people.〔http://gd.sina.com.cn/news/m/2014-05-22/0539101433.html〕
Since 1989, Guangdong has topped the total GDP rankings among all provincial-level divisions, with Jiangsu and Shandong second and third in rank. According to state statistics, Guangdong's GDP in 2011 reached RMB 5,267 billion, or US$815.53 billion, making its economy roughly the same size as the Netherlands. Guangdong has the fourth-highest GDP per capita among all provinces of Mainland China, after Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Liaoning. The province contributes approximately 12% of the PRC's national economic output, and is home to the production facilities and offices of a wide-ranging set of multinational and Chinese corporations. Guangdong also hosts the largest import and export fair in China called the Canton Fair in Guangdong's capital city Guangzhou.
== Name ==
"''Guang''" means "expanse" or "vast", and has been associated with the region since the creation of Guang Prefecture in AD 226. "''Guangdong''" and neighbouring Guangxi literally mean "expanse east" and "expanse west". Together, Guangdong and Guangxi are called Leong gwong (Liangkwang; ). During the Song dynasty, the Two Guangs were formally separated as Guangnan Donglu (，“vast south east region") and Guangnan Xilu (, "vast south west region"), which became abbreviated as Guangdong lu () and Guangxi lu ().
One should note that "Canton", though etymologically derived from ' (the Portuguese transliteration of "Guangdong"), refers only to the provincial capital instead of the whole province, as documented by authoritative English dictionaries. The local people of the city of Guangzhou (Canton) and their language are still commonly referred to as Cantonese in English. Because of the prestige of Canton and its accent, Cantonese ''sensu lato'' can also be used for the phylogenetically related residents and Chinese dialects outside the provincial capital.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Guangdong」の詳細全文を読む
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